Artificial Intelligence in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technology that is evolving rapidly and is changing the world and medicine as we know it. After reviewing the PROSPERO database of systematic reviews, there is no article related to this topic in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery. The objective of this article was to review the literature regarding AI applications in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery.A systematic review of the literature about AI in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery using the following keywords: Artificial Intelligence, robotics, plastic surgery procedures, and surgery plastic and the following databases: PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, BVS, and LILACS. The inclusion criteria were articles about AI in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery. Articles written in a language other than English and Spanish were excluded. In total, 17 articles about AI in facial plastic met the inclusion criteria; after eliminating the duplicated papers and applying the exclusion criteria, these articles were reviewed thoroughly. The leading type of AI used in these articles was computer vision, explicitly using models of convolutional neural networks to objectively compare the preoperative with the postoperative state in multiple interventions such as facial lifting and facial transgender surgery.In conclusion, AI is a rapidly evolving technology, and it could significantly impact the treatment of patients in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery. Legislation and regulations are developing slower than this technology. It is imperative to learn about this topic as soon as possible and that all stakeholders proactively promote discussions about ethical and regulatory dilemmas.

Injertos en rinoplastia primaria tallados del dorso cartilaginoso / Cartilaginous dorsum grafts for primary rhinoplasty

Introducción: El uso de injertos autólogos de cartílago en rinoplastia primaria se encuentra reportado ampliamente en la literatura, al igual que los diferentes sitios donantes de donde se pueden obtener. En el presente artículo se propone el uso del dorso cartilaginoso como sitio donante para tallar injertos de cartílago, siendo esta, una opción diferente y eficaz para la corrección de diversas deformidades nasales. Objetivo: Reportar la experiencia con el uso de cartilago del dorso cartilaginoso como fuente de material autólogo suficiente y adecuado para injertos en rinoplastia primaria. Diseño: Reporte de caso. Materiales y métodos: Descripción detallada de caso clínico, planeamiento y técnica quirúrgica del autor principal. Resultados: Paciente de 23 años de edad, género femenino con giba dorsal prominente y una punta nasal ptosica. Al examen estético nasal se encuentra una giba de tipo osteocartilaginosa, con la punta nasal con pobre definición, subproyectada e hiporotada. Se realizó el procedimiento quirúrgico corrigiendo exitosamente las deformidades nasales obteniendo una paciente satisfecha. Conclusiones: Es posible aprovechar el cartílago disponible en pacientes que presentan una giba cartilaginosa y requieren injertos para la corrección de las deformidades nasales, evidenciando beneficios como evitar incisiones adicionales o la preservación del cartílago septal y auricular.

Introduction: The use of autologous cartilage grafts in primary rhinoplasty is widely reported in the literature, as well as the different donor sites. In the present article the use of cartilaginous dorsum as donor site is proposed to carve grafts cartilage, this proposal is a different and effective option for correction of various nasal deformities. Objective: To report the experience with the use of cartilaginous dorsum as a source of sufficient and suitable autologous grafts in primary rhinoplasty. Design: Case report. Methodology: Detailed description of a clinical case, planning and surgical technique of the experienced lead author. Results: Female 23 year old patient with a prominent dorsal hump and ptotic nasal tip. In the aesthetic nasal examination there is a cartilaginous hump, with poorly nasal tip definition, sub-projected and underrotated nasal tip. The surgical procedure was successfully performed with correcting nasal deformities and obtaining a satisfied patient. Conclusions: It is feasible to use cartilage available in patients with a cartilaginous hump and that require grafting for correction of nasal deformities, showing benefits such as avoiding additional incisions or preserving the septal and aural cartilage.

Rinofima: una revisión de la literatura / Rhinophyma: a literature review

El rinofima, a pesar de no ser una entidad común, sí es una patología que altera en forma importante la estética facial del individuo; por tal razón, su entendimiento, adecuado diagnóstico y terapia precisa son de gran relevancia para lograr la mejor recuperación posible. Entre las opciones de manejo existen múltiples herramientas, que van desde la prevención hasta procedimientos quirúrgicos agresivos. A pesar de lo anterior, los pacientes con rosácea, condición patológica inicial, avanzan por los diferentes estadios de la evolución de la enfermedad sin tratamiento médico adecuado, y terminan en el rinofima, condición final del proceso patológico. El objetivo de este artículo fue realizar una revisión de la literatura actual del tema.

The Rhinophyma isn´t a common disease, however it´s a condition that significantly disturbs the facial aesthetics of people; for that reason, its understanding, appropriate diagnosis and precise management are so relevant to achieve the best possible recovery. Between the management options are numerous tools, since prevention to aggressive surgical procedures. Despite this, patients with rosacea, initial pathological condition, move through different stages of disease´s evolution without adequate medical treatment, causing rhinophyma, final condition of rosacea process. The aim of this paper was to review the current literature about this subject.

Determinantes de éxito en la rinoplastia / Determinants of success in the rhinoplasty

La rinoplastia es uno de los procedimientos quirúrgicos estéticos más complejos, no solo por las estructuras que se manejan para conseguir un resultado (mucosa, cartílago, músculo, hueso, tejido celular subcutáneo y piel) sino por las características propias de los pacientes que buscan una cirugía estética. Además, casi siempre hay un compromiso funcional, que se debe tratar de manera simultánea. El objetivo de este artículo es determinar cuáles son los factores más importantes que, manejados adecuadamente, se traducen en un desenlace exitoso. Para su mejor comprensión se consideran varios pasos: consulta prequirúrgica, diagnóstico, planeación de la cirugía, acto quirúrgico, manejo del postoperatorio y análisis de los resultados. Todos son parte de un solo proceso, que busca la consecución de un buen resultado…

The rhinoplasty is one of the most complex surgical aesthetic procedure, not only for the structures that they handle to obtain a result (mucous, cartilage, muscle, bone, cellular subcutaneous tissue and skin) but for the own characteristics of the patients who look for a cosmetic surgery. This without telling that almost always there is a functional commitment that must be handled simultaneously. The objective of this articulate is to determine which are the important factors that handled adequately are translated in a successful surgery. This divided in several passages like: consults presurgical, diagnose, planning of the surgery, surgical act, handling of the pos operating and analysis of the results. All these like part of a single process, in the attainment of a good result.evolution…